Realization Arhive - Fondacija Milan Zloković

Josif Šojat Building

admin — Fri, 24 Jul 2020 16:17:23 +0000

Among several residential buildings designed for the Belgrade investor and owner Josif Šojat, an interpolated multi-storey building (residential building with rented apartments) in 33 Kralja Milutina Street stands out, with which Zloković brought the spirit of Mediterranean profane architecture into the Vračar city agglomeration, making several form gestures atypical for the previous Belgrade architecture. Four zones of different horizontal treatment can be recognized on the street facade, with the lower zone of the entrance pedestal and the upper zone of the loggia with three arched openings each creating an almost identical link between interior and exterior space – between privacy and urbanity. The architecture of the facade includes decorative elements that stylistically belong to the Romanesque, early Italian and Venetian Renaissance. The art of the façade is completed by reliefs and a façade sculpture by the sculptor Živojin Lukić and an allegorical fresco composition by the painter Mladen Josić in the upper zone of the façade, which grows into a final frieze and an accentuated final wreath. Created in the interaction of three artistic disciplines – architecture, sculpture and painting – the house of Josif Šojat is a unique example of Belgrade residential architecture of the first half of the 20th century. The eclectically shaped and inventively composed façade, along with the modernized structuring of the corpus, points to Zloković’s transitional phase, from historicism to modernism.

Facade elevation of the new building of Josif Šojat jkasdjaskj

Sketch for the main street facade

Facade view

Floor plan of basements, basements, ground floors and first floors (I-IV)

Painting of the attic part of the facade, photograph from 1926.

Josif Šojat building, facade from Kralja Milutina Street, photograph from 1926

View of the building of Josif Šojat in Kralja Milutina Street, photograph from 1926

Članak Josif Šojat Building se pojavljuje prvo na Fondacija Milan Zloković.

House of Milan Zloković

admin — Sun, 26 Jul 2020 15:10:49 +0000

The family house of the architect Milan Zloković – Villa Kaja – built in 1927. in the Neimar settlement in Vračar marked the penetration of modern architecture into the Belgrade environment. The characteristic of the location – the corner of two differently leveled streets – conditioned the basic structural conception of the building based on three-dimensional solution of the interior volume in relation to the leveling of the terrain, while the inverse design can recognize the inverse principle of Raumplan, according to which contextuality conditioned the volumetric and geometric setting. There are four apartments in three levels – the main and largest apartment of the architect Zloković, on the ground floor from Internacionalnih brigada Street (before Prestolonaslednikova Street, i.e., Kraljevića Tomislava Street) – the central level of the house, and two smaller apartments for rent on the first floor and one on the ground floor from Janka Veselinovića Street (before Nova Street). The position of the house is additionally emphasized by the gradation of the masses towards the street corner, instead of the usual accentuation of the corners, so that the whole is seen by the erosion of the volumes and their gradation. At the time when it was built with its modern aesthetics, it dominated the poorly built Neimar, as evidenced by the photographs taken during the construction of the house.

Villa Kaja, Zloković's house, view from Janka Veselinovića street. A photograph from the 1930s

Part of the street front. A photograph from the 1930s

Part of the street front, from Janka Veselinovića Street. A photograph from the 1930s

Working sketch of Zloković's house

Floor plan of the lowest level, basement and garage and lower apartment

First floor plan

Second floor plan

Cross-sections

Elevation from the street International Brigades, with the entrance to the house

Elevation from Janka Veselinovića Street

House under construction, photo from 1927

Villa Kaja, terrace segment

Architect Milan Zloković on the terrace of his house

Villa Kaja, photo from the late 1920s

Villa Kaja, view from Janka Veselinovića Street. A photograph from the 1930s

View of part of the terrace

Salon interior

Part of the interior

View of the corner of the house from Janka Veselinovića Street

Facade detail

Članak House of Milan Zloković se pojavljuje prvo na Fondacija Milan Zloković.

House of Nevena Zaborski

admin — Tue, 28 Jul 2020 07:54:24 +0000

Nevena Zaborski’s house is designed as a two-storey family house with one apartment –

living room on the ground floor and bedrooms upstairs. In the exterior design, the street facade is symmetrical and treated like a smooth wall surface. The painting treatment of the facade is accentuated by a wide frame. The decorative elements are reduced to two shallow ionic pilasters that establish the rhythm of the window openings and emphasize the verticality of the entire composition, and to the ornamental relief placed at the very top in the axis of the house. The decorative treatment of the facade indicates the influences of Art Deco. Zloković’s solution of the interior space is based on the analysis of the required heights of individual rooms that are treated as three-dimensional functional units. Such a procedure was performed on the basis of Raumplan’s method, where in a closed geometric form the functionality was achieved through manipulation of the volume of different internal heights and three-dimensional design of the “spatial plan” of the house. Nevena Zaborski’s house indicates the opening of the Belgrade architectural scene with modern ideas and marks the early stage of the development of Zloković’s and Belgrade’s modernism.

Site plan of the house and courtyard building, with the ground floor plan and section of the courtyard building

Basement / ground floor plan

Ground floor plan, base level

Ground floor plan, second level

First floor plan

Cross section

Street view

Drawings for the renovation of the house of N. Zaborski

Street facade, current condition, photography

Central part of the street facade, photo

Entrance to the house from the street, photography

Facade pilaster, facade segment, photo

Stylized ionic capital of the facade pilasters, photo

Relief placed in the center of the upper facade zone, photo

Courtyard facade, photo

Članak House of Nevena Zaborski se pojavljuje prvo na Fondacija Milan Zloković.

State Mortgage Bank

admin — Mon, 27 Jul 2020 17:54:34 +0000

A significant achievement of Milan Zloković in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is related to the completion of the first phase of his work, is the building of the State Mortgage Bank in Sarajevo, awarded the second prize of the first rank. The competition work was submitted under the code for which Cicero’s sentence HONOS ALIT ARTES (Latin translation Honor (or glory) nurtures art or Honor comes from art) was used, which was also the motto of the work, and Zloković’s authorial attitude – credo. Zloković based the original solution on historicist templates of Italian palaces with an accentuated central zone of the first floor – piano nobile – in the form of a five-arched arcade loggia with a rough stone profile of columns corresponding to the arched stone window frames and ground floor entrances. The smooth surface of the façade walls was taken over on a later modified solution on which there are no more arched elements, while a slightly different proportional and dimensional basis of the volume was more suitable for the existing urban situation. The stone cladding and a series of five high pilasters with stylized Ionic capitals gave the bank building a more pronounced monumental expression. In the architecture of this banking palace, which exudes moderation and rigor, Zloković sublimated his knowledge of classical architecture, expertly translated into a modernized academic language complemented by works of sculptural-relief compositions.

State Mortgage Bank in Sarajevo, photo from the 1930s

Perspective drawing of the original solution

The main view of the original solution

Perspective drawing of a new solution

View from the garden, back of the building

Street view, main facade

Street front with the building of the State Mortgage Bank, photo

Bank building under construction, photo

Back of the building, photo

Photo of the interior of the counter hall

Stair detail, photo

Photo of the stairs

Photo of the interior of the hallway

Photo of the window

Architect Zloković during the execution of works on interior design

Sculpture of a woman, photography

Facade relief

Street front with the building of the State Mortgage Bank, photo

The main entrance to the bank with sculptures

Detail of the facade and entrance

Sources

Anon, „Освећење нове палате Хипотекарне банке у Сарајеву (Consecration of the new palace of the Mortgage Bank in Sarajevo)”, Политика, May, 25 1931, 6.

Članak State Mortgage Bank se pojavljuje prvo na Fondacija Milan Zloković.

Villa Bruno Moser

admin — Fri, 01 May 2020 16:10:25 +0000

The city family villa of a prominent Zemun resident of German origin, Bruno Moser, the owner of the Moser family winery, is a unique example of the architecture of this type of residential building in Belgrade architecture from the early 1930s. Villa Moser, located on a spacious plot in the wider area of the center of Zemun (after the Second World War, part of the NAVIP complex), is completely based on modernist design idioms of regular geometric structure in a composition of cubic and semi-circular volumes, but with more conventional interior organization. The flat roof is completely free and intended for the roof terrace, which is becoming a trend in the architecture of modern single-family residential buildings. Like other modern Belgrade houses from the fourth decade of the 20th century, in the architecture of Villa Moser the emphasis was placed on the exterior design which shows new aspirations, while the interior design was less modernized, primarily due to objective circumstances of the environment without industrial products or available modern materials (as evidenced by the use of classic carpentry).

Isometric elevation of Villa Mozer

Working sketch on the back of the postcard

First floor plan

Basement floor plan

Roof plan

Villa under construction, photo from 1930

Villa under construction, photo from 1931

Villa under construction, photo from 1930

Komovica brandy label, with a depiction of Villa Mozer

Članak Villa Bruno Moser se pojavljuje prvo na Fondacija Milan Zloković.

Petar Petković Building, Opel Representative Office

admin — Mon, 27 Jul 2020 17:24:04 +0000

The residential building of Petar Petković, which housed an Opel representative office with retail space, is a typical urban interpolation, which in addition to the basic street block of the residential function has an extension to the ground floor in the second part of the plot. Therefore, the building had two separate entrances. The lack of a yard due to the engagement of the other part of the plot for the business annex was compensated by a roof terrace. In the narrow zone of the facade above the entrance, the name of the company O P E L was placed, but this imported “ornament” of modern architecture in a way opposed the relief compositions between the windows in the zone above, which Zloković often used on the facades of his buildings.

Residential and commercial building, representative office of OPEL. Photograph from the early 1930s

Site plan and main layout (street facade)

Longitudinal and cross section

Basement floor plan

Ground floor plan

Second and third floor plans

Roof floor plan

Drawing of the main facade

OPEL representative office, photo from the early 1930s

Članak Petar Petković Building, Opel Representative Office se pojavljuje prvo na Fondacija Milan Zloković.

Hotel Žiča

admin — Mon, 27 Jul 2020 17:43:07 +0000

Hotel Žiča, owned by Hovan Desider, is the first modern hotel in Serbia, whose architecture combines Western modernist practice in designing this typology and Zloković’s unique prose, then still in the development phase, aimed at researching proportional relations, which were initially applied by determining optimal surfaces of the main contents and the composition of the basic volumes. With the realization of the hotel in Mataruška Banja, Zloković introduced Serbian modern architecture into a new decade during which modern architecture will become the main orientation of a group of prominent Serbian architects. Advertised as a modern hotel with “thirty hygienic, airy and sunny rooms”, Hotel Žiča introduced new standards in hotel architecture and enabled comfortable stay of guests, and in addition to accommodation and catering services, guests had at their disposal an open cinema on the roof terrace of the hotel. Zloković presented the sketch of the Hotel Žiča at the First Exhibition of Contemporary Yugoslav Architecture organized in Belgrade in 1931. Commenting on the exhibition, the architect Đurđe Bošković said about the design of the hotel that “with its simplicity, quiet surfaces, harmony of proportions and rhythm of openings, it represents the right pattern to which modern architecture strives”.

Hotel Žiča, postcard from the 1930s

Aerial shot of Mataruška Banja with Hotel Žiča

Site plan of the hotel on the plot

A floor plan of ground floor

The floor plan of the first floor

The floor plan of the roof floor

Cross section

Facade - view from the park

Facade - side view, entrance to the hotel

Facade - side view

Perspective drawing

Isometric drawing

Drawings of lighting fixtures for the hotel: illuminated advertising, wall and ceiling lamps

Drawing of the hotel, main facade

Drawing of the hotel, rear facade

Hotel in starvation, back of the hotel. Photograph from 1932

The back of the hotel, a photo from the 1930s

Hotel under construction, main side of the hotel, photo from 1932

Hotel terrace in winter, photo from 1930s

Hotel Žiča, postcard from the 1930s

Hotel terrace, photo from 1930s

Restaurant hall, photo from the 1930s

Roof terrace, photo from the 1930s

Mataruška Banja, panorama, view of the hotel. A photograph from the 1930s

Hotel Žiča, advertisment drawing

Hotel Žiča, drawing for the front page of the hotel menu

Hotel Žiča, hotel menu

Hotel Žiča, postcard from the 1930s

Članak Hotel Žiča se pojavljuje prvo na Fondacija Milan Zloković.

Villa Prendić

admin — Tue, 28 Jul 2020 10:08:34 +0000

Among a number of modern family houses – villas built in Belgrade during the 1930s, in which the influences of the modern movement were mostly formally applied, Zloković’s Villa Prendić, owned by lawyer Jovan Prendić, stands out, in whose architecture the principles of modernism are treated much more consistently and comprehensively. According to the morphological characteristics, Villa Prendić is a detached family house set on street regulation, so that the house can be entered from the street without an access part of the plot, but the rest of the plot in the back of the house is intended for a garden. In addition to the residential part of the house, there was also the office of the lawyer’s wife, Dr. Dragojla Prendić, functionally and spatially separated from the residential purpose – with a separate entrance on the second level, i.e, at street level (the office with the waiting room is lower than the residential part) represents a kind of Raumplan concept applied in Zloković’s peculiar way. This differentiation of the two functions of the house is also manifested in the external structure, so the doctor’s office is located in a special ground floor volume, in relation to the living space developed in the basic one-storey cube and connected to the office via the entrance hall. The simple and compact organization of the apartment, grouped around the stair vertical, indicates the quality of the living space and its functionality focused on modern life.

Villa Prendić

Villa Prendić, street facade

Floor plans, sections and views of Villa Prendić

Članak Villa Prendić se pojavljuje prvo na Fondacija Milan Zloković.

Villa Šterić

admin — Tue, 28 Jul 2020 10:10:59 +0000

With the architecture of Villa Šterić, owned by Dragoljub Šterić, Zloković continues to consider the spatial and organizational concepts of single-family residential buildings. Conceived as a detached family house on a plot, withdrawn from street regulation, Villa Šterić is spatially directed towards the garden towards which the cubes of the building are lowered. Although the structure of the house favored the application of a freer and more open plan, the organization of the interior space was solved more conventionally, with attention focused on the external composition of volumes and their gradation, and the construction of the basic opening module (width 150 cm) which are adjusted to the geometry of the façade surfaces by varying the dimensions. In the narrower part of the plot, between the house and the fence, an elongated underground shelter from the air attack was projected. In the narrower part of the plot, between the house and the fence, an elongated underground shelter from the air attack was projected. The focus on uncompromising modernist shaping of form is also manifested by the creation of a model – a model of a house, which is kept in the collection of the Museum of Science and Technology, through which Zloković, following the example of a consistent modernist, examines form relations and abstract expressions of form.

Villa Šterić, courtyard facade. A photograph from the 1930s

Drawing of the side facade, entrance

Drawing of the courtyard facade

Basics of floors and detail of the main staircase

Site plan, cross-section and prospects

Floor plan of the air attack shelter on the plot of the villa

Zloković's textual description of Villa Šterić

Villa Šterić, courtyard facade. A photograph from the 1930s

Članak Villa Šterić se pojavljuje prvo na Fondacija Milan Zloković.

Economy Hall

admin — Tue, 28 Jul 2020 10:19:41 +0000

The initiative for the construction of the Chamber of Commerce in Skopje (North Macedonia) was given at the beginning of 1933. by members of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry, with the aim of gathering all economic organizations of Skopje in one place, in a common home, in order to ensure their more efficient work. The plot for the building with an area of 630 square meters was bought on King Peter Square in the city center, next to the new building of the National Bank, with which the new building of the Economy Hall was supposed to be in height. Therefore, it is envisaged that the Hall, besides the basement has a ground floor, mezzanine and three floors and will occupy a plot area of about 470 square meters. The Hall building was expected to be simple and representative. An architectural competition was announced for obtaining the conceptual solution, at which the first prize was awarded to Milan Zloković. Construction of the Hall began in October 1933. Due to the high cost of construction, the investor demanded that the project provide space for rent on the ground floor and on the first floor (shops and restaurants). Describing the design of the Hall, Zloković states that the building is designed in a reinforced concrete skeletal structure, with a flat roof, while modern construction products will be used in the construction. The modernist-shaped façade towards the square is dominated by a glazed mezzanine frame, while rounding the walls from the first to the third floor, and leaving the mezzanine structure in a constructive grid with pillars, marks the corner in relation to the different façade surfaces of all sides.

Segment of the main facade, photograph from 1935

Cross section through the hall

Cross section

Side view, original solution

Main view, original solution